粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)主(zhu)要是(shi)在(zai)原料開料、加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，由于在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)大(da)，若不(bu)配套相應的(de)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)系(xi)統，粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen) 會彌漫(man)在(zai)車間及廠區(qu)內，對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)的(de)健康和周邊(bian)環(huan)境(jing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)危害(hai)(hai)。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)是(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)在(zai)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浮(fu)游的(de)固體(ti)微(wei)粒。由于粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de) 殊性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)、粒徑的(de)大(da)小等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)因素，它(ta)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)的(de)危害(hai)(hai)很大(da)。他的(de)化(hua)(hua)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)不(bu)同程(cheng)度地(di)在(zai)體(ti)內參與和干擾生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)過程(cheng)的(de)程(cheng)度和速(su)度，例如(ru)：毒(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)強的(de)金屬(shu)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)（絡、錳、鎘、鉛等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)）進入(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)，會引起(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)以(yi)至死亡。一(yi)般的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)進入(ru)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)后，可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)引起(qi)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)病(bing)(bing)，如(ru)硅、石棉、炭(tan)黑等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)還對(dui)(dui)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)極(ji)大(da)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。他降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作精度、影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)見度，有(you)(you)(you)(you)些粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)條件下(xia)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)爆炸。而且濃(nong)度超標的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)排放到(dao)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)造成(cheng)環(huan)境(jing)污染(ran)(ran)。 粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)危害(hai)(hai)是(shi)多方面的(de)。粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)、產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)、環(huan)境(jing)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態平衡等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)諸多方面產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)良影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。 （1）對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)的(de)危害(hai)(hai)。長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接觸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員，因長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，使(shi)(shi)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)內粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)積累逐漸增(zeng)(zeng)多，當達(da)到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)時(shi)即(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)病(bing)(bing)。塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)體(ti)的(de) 主(zhu)要的(de)危害(hai)(hai)之一(yi)，長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)游離二氧化(hua)(hua)硅粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)矽肺(fei)(fei)(fei)，長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)金屬(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)如(ru)錳塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)、鈹塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)錳肺(fei)(fei)(fei)、鈹肺(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)各(ge)種(zhong)金屬(shu)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)；長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)煤(mei)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)如(ru)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)煤(mei)肺(fei)(fei)(fei)，等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接觸生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)還可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)鼻炎(yan)(yan)(yan)、咽(yan)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)、支氣(qi)(qi)管炎(yan)(yan)(yan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)道疾(ji)病(bing)(bing)以(yi)及皮(pi)膚(fu)黏膜(mo)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)、皮(pi)疹、皮(pi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)、眼結膜(mo)損(sun)(sun)害(hai)(hai)。例如(ru)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)石灰粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起(qi)鼻黏膜(mo)損(sun)(sun)傷；吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)毛、麻等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)纖維性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起(qi)氣(qi)(qi)管炎(yan)(yan)(yan)、支氣(qi)(qi)管炎(yan)(yan)(yan)；在(zai)陽(yang)光下(xia)接觸瀝青煙(yan)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起(qi)光感性(xing)(xing)(xing)皮(pi)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)、眼結膜(mo)炎(yan)(yan)(yan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)有(you)(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)還可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起(qi)急性(xing)(xing)(xing)或慢性(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)、例如(ru)焊接作業(ye)(ye)(ye)長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)錳塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)錳中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)，鉛熔煉(lian)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員易發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)鉛中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。 （2）對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)危害(hai)(hai)。作業(ye)(ye)(ye)場(chang)所(suo)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)附(fu)著于高(gao)級、精密儀器(qi)(qi)、儀表，可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)這些設備的(de) 度下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)；附(fu)著于機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)設備的(de)傳動、運轉(zhuan)部位，使(shi)(shi)磨損(sun)(sun)強劇，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命縮(suo)短；粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)使(shi)(shi)某(mou)些化(hua)(hua)工(gong)產(chan)(chan)品、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)產(chan)(chan)品、電(dian)子產(chan)(chan)品，如(ru)油漆、膠片、微(wei)型軸承、電(dian)機(ji)(ji)、集成(cheng)電(dian)路、電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)視機(ji)(ji)、錄像機(ji)(ji)、照像機(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)；使(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視線受(shou)(shou)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)，使(shi)(shi)工(gong)作效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)。 （3）對(dui)(dui)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)危害(hai)(hai)。漂浮(fu)于空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)其(qi)他有(you)(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)附(fu)著于其(qi)上，形成(cheng)嚴重的(de)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)(ran)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)體(ti)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)入(ru)可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起(qi)各(ge)種(zhong)疾(ji)病(bing)(bing)，文物(wu)(wu)、古跡、建筑物(wu)(wu)表面會被腐蝕、污染(ran)(ran)。另外，大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)懸浮(fu)于空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)的(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)見度，促使(shi)(shi)煙(yan)霧(wu)形成(cheng)，使(shi)(shi)太陽(yang)的(de)熱輻射受(shou)(shou)到(dao)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。 （4）對(dui)(dui)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)的(de)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。主(zhu)要表現(xian)在(zai)使(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)，產(chan)(chan)品合格(ge)率(lv)(lv)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)，產(chan)(chan)品價格(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)(di)；因機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)、設備使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命縮(suo)短，使(shi)(shi)固定(ding)(ding)資產(chan)(chan)投(tou)入(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，產(chan)(chan)品成(cheng)本(ben)上升，市場(chang)競爭力減(jian)弱(ruo)；因粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)而導致的(de)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)病(bing)(bing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)喪失(shi)工(gong)作能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，醫藥費用(yong)、護理(li)費用(yong)、保健福利性(xing)(xing)(xing)費用(yong)支出增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)；在(zai)高(gao)濃(nong)度粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)場(chang)所(suo)工(gong)作，操作者對(dui)(dui)健康擔心，心理(li)負擔沉重，比之正(zheng)常情況下(xia)較早地(di)失(shi)去(qu)工(gong)作能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，使(shi)(shi)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)培養技(ji)術人(ren)(ren)(ren)員周期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)快，培訓(xun)費用(yong)投(tou)入(ru)大(da)，同時(shi)造成(cheng)勞動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)率(lv)(lv)的(de)不(bu)穩定(ding)(ding)。